BS7211電纜是什麼？
Comprehensive Technical Guide for Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) Power & Lighting Cables
低煙無鹵(LSZH)電力照明電纜 —— 英國標準 BS7211
What is BS7211 Cable?
BS7211電纜是什麼？
Comprehensive Technical Guide for Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) Power & Lighting Cables
低煙無鹵(LSZH)電力照明電纜技術指南 | 英國標準 BS7211 專業解析
Standard Overview標準概述
BS7211 is a British Standard that specifies requirements for thermosetting insulated and thermoplastic oversheathed cables rated up to 450/750V for power and lighting applications. These cables are specifically designed to emit low levels of smoke and corrosive gases when affected by fire, making them ideal for installations where human safety is paramount.
This standard covers a number of British power and lighting cables with low emission of smoke and corrosive gas properties which were not harmonised into the BS EN 50525 series of standards. BS7211 cables provide a superior alternative to traditional PVC cables (referenced under BS6004) in fire-safety critical applications.
BS7211是一項英國標準，規定了額定電壓高達450/750V的熱固性絕緣和熱塑性護套電纜的要求，適用於電力和照明應用。這些電纜經特殊設計，在火災影響下釋放低量煙霧和腐蝕性氣體，非常適合人身安全至關重要的安裝場所。
該標準涵蓋了多種英國電力和照明電纜，這些電纜具有低煙低腐蝕性氣體特性，尚未納入BS EN 50525系列標準。在消防安全關鍵應用中，BS7211電纜是傳統PVC電纜（參照BS6004）的優越替代品。
Full Title: Electric cables — Thermosetting insulated and thermoplastic sheathed cables for voltages up to and including 450/750V for electric power and lighting and having low emission of smoke and corrosive gases when affected by fire
完整標題：電纜 — 額定電壓450/750V及以下的熱固性絕緣和熱塑性護套電纜，用於電力和照明，火災時具有低煙和低腐蝕性氣體排放特性
Technical Specifications技術規格
| Parameter 參數 | Specification 規格 | Test Standard 測試標準 |
|---|---|---|
|
Voltage Rating 額定電壓 | 300/500V, 450/750V | BS 7211 |
|
Conductor Material 導體材料 | Plain Annealed Copper | BS EN 60228 |
|
Conductor Class 導體類別 |
Class 1 (1mm² – 2.5mm²) Class 2 (4mm² – 10mm²) | BS EN 60228 |
|
Insulation Material 絕緣材料 | XLPE (Cross-Linked Polyethylene) | BS 7655 |
|
Sheath Material 護套材料 | LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) | BS 7655-6.1 (Type LTS4) |
|
Max. Operating Temperature 最高工作溫度 | 90°C | BS 7211 |
|
Max. Short Circuit Temperature 最高短路溫度 | 250°C (5 seconds) | BS 7211 |
|
Installation Temperature Range 安裝溫度範圍 | 0°C to +40°C | BS 7211 |
|
Operating Temperature Range 工作溫度範圍 | -25°C to +90°C | BS 7211 |
|
Minimum Bending Radius (Fixed) 最小彎曲半徑（固定敷設） | 3 × Overall Diameter | BS 7211 |
Fire Safety Performance消防安全性能
BS7211 cables are engineered to significantly outperform traditional PVC cables in fire scenarios. The LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) compounds used in these cables provide critical safety advantages:
BS7211電纜經過工程設計，在火災情況下顯著優於傳統PVC電纜。這些電纜中使用的LSZH（低煙無鹵）化合物提供了關鍵的安全優勢：
| Performance Metric 性能指標 | PVC Cable (BS6004) | LSZH Cable (BS7211) |
|---|---|---|
|
HCl Emission 氯化氫排放 | Up to 28-30% | ≤ 0.5% |
|
Smoke Density 煙霧密度 | Dense black smoke | ≥ 60% light transmittance |
|
Toxic Gas Emission 有毒氣體排放 | High (Halogenated compounds) | Minimal (Zero Halogen) |
|
Corrosive Gas 腐蝕性氣體 | Forms Hydrochloric Acid | Non-corrosive |
|
Equipment Damage Risk 設備損壞風險 | High (Acid attack on electronics) | Minimal |
BS7211 Cable TypesBS7211電纜類型
XLPE insulated twin cores with uninsulated CPC, laid flat in LSZH white sheath. Ideal for general domestic and commercial wiring.
- Voltage300/500V
- Cores2 + Earth
- Sizes1.0mm² – 16mm²
- SheathWhite LSZH
Single core double insulated cable for meter tails and surface wiring. BASEC approved for fixed installation in domestic and light industrial environments.
- Voltage450/750V
- CoresSingle Core
- Sizes1.5mm² – 35mm²
- ColorsBrown, Blue, G/Y
Single core flexible power cable with Class 5 conductor for DC power supplies and telecoms applications. Excellent for conduit wiring where flexibility is required.
- Voltage450/750V
- ConductorClass 5 Flexible
- Sizes1.5mm² – 240mm²
- Temp Range0°C to +90°C
Conductor Specifications導體規格
| Cross-Section 截面積 | Conductor Class 導體類別 | Stranding 絞線結構 | Resistance (Ω/km) 電阻 | Current Rating* 載流量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 mm² | Class 1 (Solid) | 1/1.13 | 18.1 | 15A |
| 1.5 mm² | Class 1 (Solid) | 1/1.38 | 12.1 | 20A |
| 2.5 mm² | Class 1 (Solid) | 1/1.78 | 7.41 | 27A |
| 4.0 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/0.85 | 4.61 | 37A |
| 6.0 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/1.04 | 3.08 | 47A |
| 10 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/1.35 | 1.83 | 65A |
| 16 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/1.70 | 1.15 | 87A |
| 25 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/2.14 | 0.727 | 114A |
| 35 mm² | Class 2 (Stranded) | 7/2.52 | 0.524 | 141A |
*Current ratings are indicative for reference installation method. Refer to BS 7671 (IET Wiring Regulations 18th Edition) for specific installation conditions.
*載流量僅供參考安裝方法使用。具體安裝條件請參閱BS 7671（IET佈線規程第18版）。
Applications應用場景
BS7211 cables are specified for installations where fire safety, low smoke emission, and minimal toxic gas release are critical requirements. The LSZH properties make these cables essential in environments where evacuation may be difficult or where sensitive electronic equipment must be protected from corrosive gases.
BS7211電纜適用於消防安全、低煙排放和最小有毒氣體釋放為關鍵要求的安裝場所。LSZH特性使這些電纜在疏散困難或需保護敏感電子設備免受腐蝕性氣體侵害的環境中不可或缺。
- Hospitals醫院
- Schools學校
- Shopping Centres購物中心
- Airports機場
- Government Buildings政府機構
- Railway Tunnels鐵路隧道
- Metro Systems地鐵系統
- Underground Stations地下車站
- Road Tunnels公路隧道
- Data Centres數據中心
- Control Rooms控制室
- Computer Suites計算機房
- Telecoms Facilities電信設施
- Residential Buildings住宅建築
- High-Rise Apartments高層公寓
- Consumer Units配電箱
- Meter Connections電表連接
Material Composition材料組成
| Component 組件 | Material 材料 | Properties 特性 |
|---|---|---|
|
Conductor 導體 | Plain Annealed Copper (Cu 99.9%) | Excellent conductivity, flexibility, corrosion resistance |
|
Insulation 絕緣層 | XLPE (Cross-Linked Polyethylene) | High temperature resistance, excellent dielectric properties, moisture resistance |
|
Outer Sheath 外護套 | LSZH Compound (Type LTS4 per BS 7655-6.1) | Zero halogen content, low smoke emission, flame retardant |
|
Flame Retardant 阻燃劑 | Aluminium Trihydrate (ATH) | Releases water vapor when heated, char formation |
LSZH compounds achieve their fire performance through aluminium trihydrate (ATH) fillers that release water vapor when heated, absorbing energy and diluting flammable gases. This creates a protective char layer that insulates the cable core and prevents flame propagation. Unlike PVC, no hydrogen chloride (HCl) or other halogenated compounds are released.
LSZH化合物通過氫氧化鋁(ATH)填充劑實現其防火性能，加熱時釋放水蒸氣，吸收能量並稀釋可燃氣體。這會形成保護性炭化層，隔離電纜芯並防止火焰蔓延。與PVC不同，不會釋放氯化氫(HCl)或其他鹵化物。
CPR Compliance & CertificationCPR合規與認證
BS7211 cables manufactured for the European market must comply with the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) EU 305/2011. This regulation requires cables to be classified according to their reaction to fire performance, with mandatory CE marking and Declaration of Performance (DoP).
為歐洲市場生產的BS7211電纜必須符合建築產品法規(CPR) EU 305/2011。該法規要求電纜根據其防火性能進行分類，必須具有CE標誌和性能聲明(DoP)。
| Euroclassification 歐洲分類 | Fire Performance 防火性能 | Typical Applications 典型應用 |
|---|---|---|
| B2ca | Very limited contribution to fire | High-risk public buildings, escape routes |
| Cca | Limited contribution to fire | Commercial buildings, hospitals |
| Dca | Medium contribution to fire | Industrial, some commercial |
| Eca | Minimum performance (baseline) | Domestic, low-risk installations |
Installation Guidelines安裝指南
LSZH cables require careful handling during installation due to the higher filler content in the sheath material. The jacket is less flexible than PVC alternatives and may be prone to cracking in cold conditions.
LSZH電纜在安裝過程中需要小心處理，因為護套材料中填充劑含量較高。護套的柔韌性不如PVC替代品，在寒冷條件下可能容易開裂。
| Parameter 參數 | Requirement 要求 | Notes 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| Installation Temperature | 0°C to +40°C | Do not install below 0°C |
| Minimum Bend Radius | 3 × D (fixed) | D = overall cable diameter |
| Pulling Tension | Max 50 N/mm² | Based on conductor CSA |
| Cable Support | Per BS 7671 | Clips at appropriate intervals |
| Lubricant | LSZH-compatible | Required for conduit installation |
References & Technical Resources | 參考資料與技術資源
- British Standards Institution, “BS 7211: Thermosetting insulated and thermoplastic sheathed cables for voltages up to and including 450/750V for electric power and lighting and having low emission of smoke and corrosive gases when affected by fire,” BSI Standards Publication.
- IET Wiring Regulations, “BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 Requirements for Electrical Installations,” 18th Edition, The Institution of Engineering and Technology.
- European Commission, “Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 – Construction Products Regulation (CPR),” Official Journal of the European Union.
- BS EN 60228: Conductors of insulated cables. International Electrotechnical Commission.
- BS EN 61034: Measurement of smoke density of cables burning under defined conditions. IEC.
- BS EN 60754: Test on gases evolved during combustion of materials from cables. IEC.
- Feichun Cable – Port Crane Cables for Cranes & Gantries – High-performance cables for port machinery, built for durability and flexibility in demanding environments.
- BS 7655-6.1: Specification for thermoplastic insulating and sheathing compounds for electric cables. BSI.
- BASEC Cable Testing and Certification Services, British Approvals Service for Cables.
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